Background Very often Vedas, Upanishads, Puranas or saMkhya are seen as 'distinct' literatures that developed at different points of time. They are also interpreted as different philosophies. In my understanding it is not true. They are all part of the same thoughts flowing across. Before I proceed with saMkhya kArika, few more words on Energy as seen in Puranic texts from what we understood in saMkhya context. Universe evolution from Energy perspective Radiation dominated era At first the Hiranya-garbha, the uterus of four dimensional spacetime manifested. Then the Hiranya-garbha expanded to Brahma, the expanded spacetime, during cosmic inflation. On this Brahma, the Rudras or force-fields manifested. Shiva, the vacuum energy manifested in these force-fields, resulting in particles that traveled in the speed of light. Universe was filled with radiation as particles of force-fields traveled in the speed of light. In this Un...